Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic, progressive lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe. It's primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. COPD is an umbrella term that includes two main conditions: Chronic Bronchitis: Characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tubes, leading to mucus buildup, coughing, and shortness of breath. Emphysema: Involves damage to the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs, reducing the lungs' capacity to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, leading to breathlessness. Key Symptoms of COPD: Shortness of breath, especially during physical activities Chronic cough, often with mucus production Frequent respiratory infections Wheezing and chest tightness Fatigue Causes: Smoking is the primary cause, though exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, dust, and chemical fumes can also contribute. In rare cases, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, a genetic conditio...